The short answer
Retatrutide's molecular weight is reported as approximately 4,731.33 Da for formula C221H342N46O68. That figure is consistent across most sources but is not verifiable against PubChem, which has no retatrutide record, and at least one reference gives a different formula entirely.
Key facts
- Commonly reported MW
- ~4,731.33 Da
- Commonly reported formula
- C221H342N46O68
- Alternative reported
- C228H350N48O66, ~4,894.58 Da
- PubChem verification
- Not possible (no record)
- Residues
- 39
- For comparison: tirzepatide
- 4,813 Da, verified
- For comparison: semaglutide
- 4,114 Da, verified
The figure and its provenance
4,731.33 Da appears across supplier catalogues and reference aggregators, with formula C221H342N46O68. It is consistent enough to be the working figure, and it is what previous versions of these articles stated. What was not stated is that it cannot be checked against a primary chemical database, because no retatrutide entry exists in PubChem under any of its names.
Where the disagreement sits
At least one reference source gives C228H350N48O66 at approximately 4,894.58 Da, a difference of roughly 163 Da, which is far too large to be rounding. Two formulae cannot both describe one molecule. Without a database entry to arbitrate, the discrepancy simply stands, and anyone relying on the mass should know it exists.
Research material referenced
Retatrutide 10mg, third-party HPLC tested
Why this matters for calculations
Molarity is mass divided by molecular weight, so a 163 Da uncertainty propagates directly into any molar concentration. It is a smaller error than the ones found elsewhere in this library (TB-500's figure was wrong by 5.6-fold, GHK-Cu's by 15%), but it is an uncertainty rather than a settled number, which is a different kind of problem.
Where the mass comes from structurally
Thirty-nine residues built on a modified GIP scaffold, plus a C20 fatty diacid conjugated through a γGlu-2xOEG linker. The lipid and linker contribute several hundred daltons on top of the peptide backbone, which is why retatrutide is heavier than semaglutide at 4,114 Da despite a comparable residue count.
How to handle the uncertainty
Use whichever figure a certificate of analysis states, and check it by mass spectrometry rather than assuming. Where a supplier's stated mass differs from the commonly quoted 4,731, that is not automatically an error. It may reflect the other reported formula, or a salt form. The absence of an authoritative record means the certificate is the best available reference for a given batch.
Quick reference
| Compound | MW | Verified in PubChem? |
|---|---|---|
| Semaglutide | 4,114 Da | Yes (CID 56843331) |
| Tirzepatide | 4,813 Da | Yes (CID 166567236) |
| Retatrutide | ~4,731 Da (reported) | No record found |
Frequently asked questions
- What is retatrutide's molecular weight?
- Reported as approximately 4,731.33 Da. It cannot be verified against PubChem, which has no retatrutide record.
- Why do some sources give a different figure?
- At least one reports C228H350N48O66 at ~4,894.58 Da. Without a database entry there is nothing to arbitrate between them.
- Which should I use?
- Whichever your certificate of analysis states, checked by mass spectrometry. For this compound the certificate is the best available reference.
Extended research context
The Retatrutide Research deep dive
Deep dive: how the triple-agonist scaffold was engineered
Retatrutide's 39-residue backbone was designed by Eli Lilly's peptide chemistry team to preserve the pharmacophores of three glucagon-family receptors on a single chain. The N-terminal domain retains GIP-receptor contacts, mid-chain substitutions restore GLP-1-receptor affinity lost in native GIP, and additional residue swaps confer glucagon-receptor engagement. A γGlu-2xOEG linker anchors a C20 fatty diacid at Lys17, which reversibly binds serum albumin and slows renal clearance. This is the same albumin-tethering strategy Novo Nordisk pioneered with semaglutide and Lilly refined further in tirzepatide.
The TRIUMPH Phase 3 programme in context
TRIUMPH is Lilly's global Phase 3 development umbrella for retatrutide, spanning obesity (TRIUMPH-1 through TRIUMPH-4), type 2 diabetes, MASH (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis), and knee osteoarthritis linked to obesity. Readouts began in 2025 and continue through 2026. Because the compound is investigational, no regulator (FDA, EMA, or MHRA) has issued marketing authorisation, and legitimate supply exists only for laboratory reference and research contexts, never for human administration.
How retatrutide differs from tirzepatide and semaglutide at the mechanism level
Semaglutide is a mono-agonist (GLP-1 only). Tirzepatide is a dual agonist (GIP + GLP-1). Retatrutide adds glucagon-receptor activity, which pre-clinical and Phase 2 data suggest contributes to energy expenditure in addition to appetite regulation and glucose-dependent insulin release. This three-receptor combination is why retatrutide is sometimes called a 'metabolic multi-tool' peptide in the trade press, but the pharmacology is more nuanced than the label implies.
Research applications
- ▸In vitro receptor-binding assays across GIP-R, GLP-1R and GCGR panels
- ▸Comparator studies alongside semaglutide, tirzepatide and liraglutide reference standards
- ▸Analytical-method development: HPLC retention profiling and LC-MS confirmation
- ▸Stability testing of lipidated 39-residue peptides in aqueous and lyophilised forms
- ▸Reference material for teaching incretin pharmacology in university-level courses
Handling checklist
- ✓Store lyophilised vials at −20 °C; protect from light and humidity
- ✓Reconstitute with bacteriostatic water; avoid vortexing (foams the peptide)
- ✓Once reconstituted, store at 2–8 °C and use within 28 days
- ✓Verify batch CoA: HPLC ≥98%, mass matches ~4,731 Da, endotoxin low
- ✓Do not administer to humans or animals. Research use only
Common research-handling mistakes
Learnt from thousands of researcher orders across our UK labs.
✗ Confusing retatrutide with tirzepatide in supplier catalogues
Fix: Cross-check the LY code (LY3437943 = retatrutide; LY3298176 = tirzepatide) and the receptor profile on the CoA.
✗ Using tap or filtered water for reconstitution
Fix: Only use bacteriostatic water for injection (0.9% benzyl alcohol) or sterile water, never lab DI water.
✗ Storing reconstituted solution at room temperature
Fix: Refrigerate at 2–8 °C immediately after reconstitution; discard after 28 days.
Continue researching
Peer-reviewed guides, comparators and matched reference materials.
Related questions researchers ask
- Is retatrutide the same molecule as LY3437943?
- What is the correct spelling: retatrutide or retatrutid?
- Is retatrutide a GLP-1 drug?
- Which company makes retatrutide?
- When will retatrutide be FDA approved?
- Is retatrutide legal in the UK?
Primary sources & clinical trials
Peer-reviewed research and registered trials from PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, PubChem, FDA and NIH. All links open in a new tab and point to the primary source, so every claim can be verified at origin.
- PubMedCoskun T et al. Cell Metab 2022 (PMID 35985340)pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- PubChemPubChem · Semaglutide (CID 56843331)pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- PubChemPubChem · Tirzepatide (CID 166567236)pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- TrialClinicalTrials.gov · TRIUMPH-1 (NCT05929066). Retatrutide Phase 3 obesity trialclinicaltrials.gov
- TrialClinicalTrials.gov · TRIUMPH-2 (NCT05929079). Retatrutide in type 2 diabetesclinicaltrials.gov
- TrialClinicalTrials.gov · TRIUMPH-3 (NCT05882045). Retatrutide + established CVDclinicaltrials.gov
- TrialClinicalTrials.gov · TRIUMPH-4 (NCT05931367). Retatrutide once weeklyclinicaltrials.gov
- TrialClinicalTrials.gov · TRIUMPH-5 (NCT06662383). Retatrutide vs tirzepatideclinicaltrials.gov
- TrialClinicalTrials.gov · TRIUMPH-6 (NCT06859268). Maintenance of weight reductionclinicaltrials.gov
- PubMedJastreboff AM et al., Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity. NEJM 2023 (PMID 37366315)pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- PubMedRosenstock J et al., Retatrutide for people with type 2 diabetes. Lancet 2023 (PMID 37385280)pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- DrugBankDrugBank · Retatrutide (DB18435)go.drugbank.com
Written and reviewed by
The UK Peptides Editorial Team · Research library, UK Peptides
The editorial team is responsible for supplier selection, batch release decisions and the content published in this research library. Every article here is sourced to primary literature and every product page to a signed third-party certificate. Corrections are made in place and the review date updated.
More Retatrutide Research articles
- Retatrutide in the Published LiteratureA small literature of unusually high quality — Cell Metabolism, NEJM, the Lancet — and a Phase 3 programme of more than 5,800 participants.
- What Is the TRIUMPH Trial Programme?TRIUMPH is Eli Lilly's Phase 3 programme for retatrutide: 5,800+ participants. TRIUMPH-1 reported 28.3% mean weight reduction at 80 weeks in May 2026.
- How One Peptide Engages Three ReceptorsGIPR, GLP-1R and GCGR belong to one receptor family, which is what makes a single-molecule triple agonist possible at all.
- Retatrutide and AlcoholNo interaction study exists for retatrutide specifically. What the GLP-1 class literature reports about alcohol, and why the honest answer is narrow.
- Is There a Retatrutide Tablet or Pill?No oral retatrutide exists in any trial or any market. Why a 39-residue peptide cannot simply be pressed into a tablet, and what is being sold under that name.
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