Pinealon

Pinealon in the research literature

Pinealon belongs to a family of two-, three- and four-residue peptides designed by Vladimir Khavinson's group in St Petersburg. The claim running through that work is that very short peptides can enter the nucleus and bind DNA at particular sequences, changing which genes are transcribed. Khavinson and colleagues, 2021, set the claim out as a systematic review of peptide regulation of gene expression.

For Pinealon itself there are two primary papers on this page. Khavinson and colleagues, 2011, measured free radical levels and viability in cultured neuronal cells exposed to the tripeptide. Khavinson and colleagues, 2020, proposed a possible mechanism by which the EDR sequence might regulate gene expression and protein synthesis.

The literature is narrow. All three papers come from the same group, much of the wider work is in Russian-language journals, and independent replication is scarce, so the DNA-binding model is a hypothesis under test. Chemically the molecule is simple: two acidic side chains, one basic arginine.

Pinealon vs Epithalon: which to order

Both are Khavinson short peptides and both come as 10mg freeze-dried vials, so the decision rests on the sequence. Pinealon is the tripeptide Glu-Asp-Arg, 418.4 Da, CAS 175175-23-2, PubChem CID 10273502. Epithalon is the tetrapeptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly, 390.35 Da, CAS 307297-39-8, CID 219042. They overlap only at Glu-Asp; Pinealon carries a basic arginine and Epithalon does not, so the two behave differently on reverse-phase HPLC and should never share a lab report. The report for this vial, once published on this page, will show mass against 418.4 Da. Order Pinealon for the EDR gene-expression and cell-culture literature; order Epithalon when the paper you are following used Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly. Packs of two, three and five take 10, 20 and 30% off. Pinealon UK orders leave Manchester the same day, with free UK delivery over £40.