Thymosin Alpha-1

Thymosin Alpha-1 in the research literature

Goldstein and colleagues, 1977, isolated thymosin alpha-1 from calf thymosin fraction 5 and published its 28-residue sequence, with the N-terminal serine acetylated; later work placed it as the N-terminal fragment of prothymosin alpha. Much of the mechanistic literature since concerns innate immune signalling. Romani and colleagues, 2004, pulsed dendritic cells with Aspergillus fumigatus and traced the peptide's action on maturation and interleukin-12 production through p38 MAP kinase, NF-κB and the MyD88-dependent Toll-like receptor pathway, in culture and in mice.

The clinical literature is large but uneven. Dominari and colleagues, 2020, is a broad narrative review of the background science and clinical uses of the licensed medicine, Zadaxin, outside the UK. Peng and colleagues, 2020, pooled seven randomised trials of that medicine, found heterogeneity across the biochemical outcomes, and noted that every trial came from mainland China. The peptide has no FDA approval and no EMA authorisation.

Thymosin Alpha-1 vs TB-500 and Thymalin: which to order

Thymosin Alpha-1 is thymalfasin, 28 residues, N-acetylated, 3,108.3 Da, the N-terminal piece of prothymosin alpha, licensed in over 30 countries as Zadaxin but not here. TB-500 is based on the actin-binding region of thymosin beta-4, a 43-residue protein, and WADA names thymosin beta-4 and its derivatives in section S2.3 while leaving alpha-1 unlisted. Thymalin is not a defined peptide but a calf thymus extract; research vials under that name usually hold a synthetic dipeptide. The lab report, once published on this page, will show the measured mass, and 3,108.3 Da identifies the alpha-1 sequence; the label gives the peptide mass, not the salt. To buy Thymosin Alpha-1 UK, take the 5mg vial first; the 10mg suits repeated work, and packs of two, three or five 5mg vials take 10, 20 and 30% off. Same-day dispatch from Manchester, free UK delivery over £40.